Analysis Of Stephen King s Salem s Lot Essay - 1132 Words

Stephen King’s Salem’s Lot is primarily focused on Ben Mars and the residents of Jerusalem Lot being terrorized by Barlow. More interestingly though is the passage illustrating Mark observing Susan, which establishes a gendered binary that demonstrates the imbalanced representation of women. The dynamic of this binary also suggests the hegemonic idea that women are inferior to their masculine counterparts despite their attempts to be independent leaders, which is a masculine position. As a result, Susan is written off as a naà ¯ve individual for attempting to emulate the masculine behavior of leadership. She is by no means a damsel in distress, a role that horror often thrust female characters into, and her decision to attempt to stand against the â€Å"monster† insights the wrath and opinion of the masculine attitudes in the novel. Furthermore, because women are typically never the true heroes of film or literature, this places Susan in opposition to the idea t hat women should not possess power. Heroism and leadership are means to power, and hegemonic ideals prevent women from possessing that power. In Salem’s Lot, Ben Mars is meant to be the normative hero, but instances like this places Susan against normative attitudes constructed in the book. Thus, while it may appear that Salem’s Lot is solely about the town’s struggle with the vampiric entity that exists within it, it is also about the attitudes like Mark’s, which are set up to prevent women like Susan from being the heroShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Strawberry Spring By Stephen King1288 Words   |  6 PagesA Response to Night Shift: Strawberry Spring Short Story Stephen King is the author of novels and short stories with creepy settings admits that he even has a fear of bugs to add to the list of things that freaks him out. 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Groupon Is An Internet / App Based Business - 1218 Words

Groupon is an internet/app-based business. They provide goods, vouchers, and even vacations at a discounted rate. Groupon was launched in 2008 and the site was dedicated to advertising local businesses by offering deals for a limited time (Edelman, Jaffe, Kominers. 2014). As a consumer you are able to discover businesses and merchandise in your local area, as well in other locations. They are still working on expanding their business, but currently you can find deals on things to eat, see, do, and buy in 47 countries (Groupon, Inc. (GRPN). 2016). The past five years they have steadily increased their sales/revenue with 3.19B in sales/revenue in 2014 (Groupon Inc. 2016). Groupon’s mission statement is: To connect local commerce,†¦show more content†¦They always strive to improve and get better, which is exactly what they are saying in their value, Intolerant of Mediocrity. Groupon always wants to be one step ahead and never stop improving or creating new systems, or programs. Building for the Long Term essentially says they are here for the long haul. Every decision they make in their business is to improve it, and hopefully keep the business going. Their last value, Making Life Less Boring, is saying that they want people to get out and experience life. Using Groupon will introduce you to goods, and activities, which can liven up you day. Groupon is becoming worldwide, but still maintain the local and small business aspect. In the SWOT analysis I have identified possible strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to Groupon. Strengths †¢ They are an online business, and have a cell phone app so you can access it almost anywhere. †¢ It operates internationally. †¢ Offers deals from a lot of different merchants, which creates a diversified range of goods and services. Weaknesses †¢ Deals may end up not profiting the merchants †¢ Negative reviews, and negative publicity. Opportunities †¢ They have the opportunity to pair up with bigger corporations, such as Google and Facebook. †¢ Increase products and services offered. Threats †¢ They have competitors who offer similar deal to them, like LivingSocial, and Google Offers. †¢ Most of the goods and services they offer are

Psychology The Role of Emotion Theory

Question: Describe about the Psychology for The Role of Emotion Theory ? Answer: Psychology is a study of mind and behavior where it is a principle of evolution and it is a selection to understand the continuous change of behaviors. There is a constant interaction between various individuals in order to understand and analyze the behaviors of the people. In this article we will analyze a short story or a movie depending on the psychological theory it suits and we will review the work of a major contributor in Psychology. In this article we will discuss the OCD of Diane who was suffering from OCD for 26 years until she had her 4th child. Her case was a peculiar case where she was going through some psychological issues in terms of hurting her children while they were asleep. This seems to be a pure OCD behavior where it is about social behavior. Her fears seemed impulsive and her fears should have been corrected in her young age so that she would not have suffered at a later stage. Families go through various stages of life apart from the normal lives changes which they have to go through like any other person on the earth. Families also have their own processes in handling various issues and various situations in life. In this article we would analyze various issues of the families related to their children in adolescence and adjustment of behaviors of various family members with the children in the family. There are various stresses which everyone goes through but the stress which the family faces might be even more stressful for the families. OCD - obsessive compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder which is known by the uncontrollable and unwanted thoughts which keep arising out of unknown fears which are non - recognizable and repetitive which become ritualized for most of the people and they are always compelled to perform. Most of the times when someone suffers from OCD they recognize that their fears are almost irrational and they can never occur however they are forced to do it as they feel that they would go through some compulsive pain if they wouldnt perform that particular action at that moment. It is a totally irrational thought process which keeps dominating the brain and gets stuck to it on a particular thought or an urge. There are various ways of understanding OCD - obsessive compulsive disorder by the ways of behavior, compulsive thoughts which arise and dominate in people, thoughts which get stuck to the brain and the compulsive thoughts which are always disturbing and distracting. There are various theories in understanding the OCD - obsessive compulsive disorder and the key characteristics of a person during his victimization process in OCD - obsessive compulsive disorder. Concept Map of Psychology Psychological perspective Key characteristics of the perspective used to explain the cause of OCD- obsessive compulsive disorder Analysis of the perspective to effectively explain the cause of OCD- obsessive compulsive disorder Cognitive Theory by Jean Piaget Behavioral disorders Cognitive Theory by Jean Piaget This is a common case which all the individuals would face where they should be able to handle such situation in an effective way. Psychological theories are in place to solve these issues and one of them is the Cognitive theory. Based on this theory it has been proved that people develop individual abilities to reason out and solve any issues which occur from their childhood and they also learn from the experiences they see right from their young age. There are 4 stages in in this process which can explain this theory in a sequential way which is a type of dependent behavior in order to solve it (Francis, D 1999). Structural equation modelling this model is used with the joint family behaviors where even the children and the family are concerned. Most of the times the conflict happens between the mother and the children as they are the ones who stay in contact in all their activities and the children might go through different stress like the stress in their schools and the mothers could go through because of internal distress. These factors would be related to the internalization and the externalization of their feelings when they see their mothers in distress It is clearly explained that all the internal and the external factors of the family issues tend to contribute a lot to this issue. A lot of self discipline could overrule all the issues of this type. family systems theory If the families are going through so many disturbances there are some ecological theories of development where they focus on the social contexts of family relations as non - family members and they try to give a better shape to the nature of family life. There are various contexts of family issues. In some cases where the parents are cordial but if issues exist between the mother and children it strains the relation between the mother and child and this is called as mother adolescent conflict. Internalizing and maintaining relation which is filled with love and warmth nurture the relations between the mother and the child. This could help avoid any kind of issues between the mother and child avoiding the adolescent disturbance. The adolescents exhibit behaviors like strong attitude, bullying each other at home and school and many other factors. The Family systems theory mainly focusses on the importance of family relationships and individual adjustments of the family members. The social network quality between the mother and the child are very critical to avoid any adolescent disturbances. The internalizing behaviors between the parents also create stress in the adolescents where they get stressed. The situations also depend of the financial factors which affect the familys socio economic resources which lead to family stress levels. The other situations like the family conflicts like husband and wife conflicts might lead to stress where the family might get into separation and this might lead to adolescent behavioral issues which increases stress levels and causes many kinds of problems in their behaviors. social theories The social theories from outside the family can explain and support various family behaviors where they can learn from the kinds of issues and learning to solve the issues by adapting some real time experiences which could be shared. By implementing such methods the adolescent behavior can be changed from being stressful to peaceful The conflicts might be discussed in the family to avoid any minor issues and the issue related to the financial aspects might also be discussed to avoid any issues which might causes greater levels of stress and which might also lead to family separation. Psychological perspective Brief description of the study offered to support the perspectives explanation of OCD obsessive compulsive disorder Evaluation of the methods of data gathering used by each perspective. Biological theories - Lombrosos theory of physical criminal types The experimental analysis would include groups where The children adapt and implement various ways to be able to imagine themselves as a part of other groups. They somehow realize that they get punished by the elders if they resent to such acts in groups. This might result in making the person a positive or a negative person which might result in changing the attitude of the person in various situations. This behavior is called as vicarious reinforcement. This gives us a clear understanding of the fact that the abusive or a criminal behavior of a person is not a behavior which happens because of some cause and effect of a person or his family however it is because of his maintenance of his behavior. These are the earliest factors which could result in explanation of crime due to the nature or developed attributes of people. Criminologists like Lombroso have proved that criminal behavior is a result of combination of multiple factors like genetics, environment in which they live, their developed attributes or sometimes it could be the different forms of behavior they would resent to. This could involve various aspects which we have dealt with in the theories discussed so far and they could contribute largely to this theory and its implementation. Many a times such theories form a large base for such theories as they consider all the groups of people who have been involved in various incidents. Goldenberg and Goldenbergs theory This theory relates to a lot of psychological behaviours. Goldenberg and Goldenbergs theory suggests that The disorder which exists in the family structure needs some family members to express psychopathology The person who conducts the crime is the main prospect who has conducted the crime and is the main focus many a times. In order to understand this issue and solve them it is critical that the researchers or the people who conduct the research on such issues consider those people in groups and their ways of behavior where they keep harming people continuously. These types of theories also have various subsystems like systems theories. Most of the psychological theories have explained this type of behaviour with a common understanding of various rules and principles which comprise the main aspect of the family structure. They also consider their family structures where children and families form a major part of their structure and this is helpful for them to conduct a research on in order to analyze various situations successfully. This is a critical aspect all the experiences of the children during their young age are to be considered as it is a critical stage where children form various opinions in life and on people by living or interacting with them in different situations. The environmental critical factors which need to be analyzed are the family conditions like separation, loss of parents, deaths of any of the family members, the people with whom they interact with, their care takers with whom the children tend to spend a lot of time and the mental health of the survivor. It is these environmental factors wh ich affect the people drastically when they are young and their ways of imagination changes and these thoughts keep getting in their heads at the back of their head and they have a strong influence even when they grow elder. Conclusion These are various factors which have contributed majorly in various researches for the psychological research by considering various samples. These could be actual experiences of people and children which could have formed due to their shared experiences in various situations. This could also result in controlling the different ways of behaviors of people and especially in children as they listen to all sorts of suggestions they receive at that age. References Psychology, Inc; The Role of Emotion Theory, accessed on April 2nd, 2015 https://www.psychology.uga.edu/daplab/PDF/Suveg%20et%20al.pdfGray, J, 1990, Brain Systems that mediate Emotion and Cognition, Cognition and Emotion, 269 288.Cep, Inc; Evolutionary Psychology and the Emotions, viewed on April 2nd, 2015 https://www.cep.ucsb.edu/emotion.htmlNcbi, Inc; The Role of Positive Emotions in Positive Psychology, viewed on April 2nd, 2015 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3122271/Tedsider, Inc; The Psychological Theory, accessed on April 2nd, 2015 https://tedsider.org/teaching/415/HO_psychological_theory.pdfSupadoc, Inc; An Attribution Theory for of Achievement of Motivation and Emotion, viewed on April 2nd, 2015, https://supadoc.syr.edu/docushare/dsweb/Get/Rendition-30290/unknownFrancis, D, 1999, Maternal Care and Development of Stress Responses, Current Opinion in Neuro Biology, 128 134.Bronfenbenner, U. (1979). The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Nature and Desi gn. CambridgeGecas, V. (1986). Parental Behaviour and Adolescent Self Esteem. Journal of Marriage and Family. Vol 48.Ocd. (2006). Understanding Adolescent Behaviour. Retrieved on Apr 5th 2013. https://www.ocd.pitt.edu/Files/PDF/79.pdfUjdispace, Inc; Sexual Abuse: A Theoretical Perspective. Retrieved on Aug 26th 2013. https://ujdigispace.uj.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10210/1264/Grace2.pdf?sequence=2Bandura, A. Ross, D., Ross, S. A (1961). Transmission of aggression through the imitation of aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63, 575-582Mc Leod, S (2011). Bandura - Social Learning Theory. Retrieved on Aug 26th 2013. https://www.simplypsychology.org/bandura.htmlSecasa (2013). The Psychoanalytical Approach. Retrieved on Aug 26th 2013. https://www.secasa.com.au/pages/theories-on-why-sexual-abuse-happens/the-psychoanalytic-approach/Criminology, Inc; Crime Theories, viewed on Aug 26th, 2013, https://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/week4.htmFarr, Z, 2012, Impact of Positivist Approaches to Understanding Crime, Sociology, Vol 8Walklate, S, 2005, Criminology: The Basics. New York; RoutledgePorter, R, 2001, The Enlightenment. 2nd ed. New York; PalgraveQuinney, R, 2000, Bearing Witness to Crime and Social Justice. New York; State University of New York PressMorrison, W, 1995, Theoretical Criminology: From Modernity to Post - modernism. London; Canvendish PublishingMurray, C, 1986, Losing ground: American Social Policy, 1950 1980 . New York; Basic Books

The Canterbury Cathedral Essay Example For Students

The Canterbury Cathedral Essay For at least fourteen hundred years the worship of God has been offered on the site of this Cathedral, and through the prayers of the Church his power and grace have shaped human lives. Ever since the murder of Archbishop Thomas Becket in the Cathedral in 1170, Canterbury has attracted thousands of pilgrims. This tradition continues to this day, and a large team of Welcomers, Guides, Cathedral Assistants and Chaplains are there to give all visitors a warm welcome. The Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Christ Canterbury is a holy place of pilgrimage, founded by St Augustine for the worship of Almighty God and the honour of Christ our Saviour. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury, Primate of all England and President of the worldwide Anglican Communion of Churches. The first Archbishop of Canterbury was St Augustine who arrived on the coast of Kent as a missionary to England in 597 AD. He came from Rome, sent by Pope Gregory the Great. The story goes that Gregory had seen Angle slaves for sale in the city market and struck by their beauty, had remarked not Angles but Angels. We will write a custom essay on The Canterbury Cathedral specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Such a people he was convinced should be converted to Christianity, and ordered Augustine and a group of monks to set out for England. On his arrival Augustine was given a church at Canterbury by the local King Ethelbert whose Queen, Bertha, was already a Christian. This building had been a place of worship during the Roman occupation of Britain. Soon consecrated Bishop, Augustine established his seat (or cathedra) in this place as the first Archbishop of Canterbury. The present archbishop, George Carey, is 103rd in the line of succession. Until the 10th century the Cathedral community was a family of clergy, living a regulated life as the household of the Archbishop. Not until 998 do we find evidence that they were living by the Rule of St. Benedict as a formal monastic community. The Benedictine community of monks continued until the monastery was dissolved in 1540. The next year a new Foundation, called the Dean and Chapter, was constituted by Royal Charter. Today there is a Dean and four Residentiary Canons in the Chapter, who, with the Precentor, make up the establishment of full-time clergy. Canterbury Cathedral is linked to the lives of many great ecclesiastical and national figures. Among the former are the Saints of Canterbury – Augustine, Theodore, Odo, Dunstan, Alphege, Anselm, Thomas and Edmund all of whom were Archbishops of Canterbury and held in universal respect. The one who became most famous of all was Thomas Becket, who was murdered in his cathedral on 29 December 1170. Appointed by his King and friend, Henry II, to bring the Church to the heel of the monarchy, he did the reverse. He espoused its rights in the face of the King’s desire to control them. Four knights, with their own agendas of complaint, thinking to ingratiate themselves with the King, came to Canterbury and killed the Archbishop in his own Cathedral. In the Reformation period Canterbury had a series of distinguished Archbishops, among them Thomas Cranmer, who compiled the first two Prayer Books and established what was to become the liturgical tradition of the Church of England and Anglican Churches the world over. Cardinal Pole was Archbishop during the reign of Mary I, the period of the Catholic Restoration, and Matthew Parker and John Whitgift were the greatest of Elizabeth I’s Archbishops. With the Civil War, the Cathedral was sacked by the Puritans (1642), the Cathedral Chapter was dissolved, and it was not until the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 that the Church of England was re-established and life returned to the Cathedral. The fabric was repaired, the daily services were resumed and Chapter re-established. Few changes occurred until the middle of the nineteenth century, when a series of energetic Archbishops and equally vigorous Deans, began a transformation of the life of the Cathedral. The twentieth century has seen a major restoration of the Cathedral fabric, the revival of pilgrimage (now on ecumenical lines), a re-ordering of liturgical services and a great renaissance of the Cathedral’s music. Outstanding among Archbishops has been William Temple, and Deans with international reputations have been George Bell, Dick Sheppard and Hewlett Johnson (the Red Dean). In 1982 Pope John Paul II visited Canterbury and with Archbishop Robert Runcie prayed at the site of S. Thomas Becket’s martyrdom. The Great Cloister When Canterbury was a Benedictine monastery, the Cloister was the centre of the administration of its daily life. Around the square, and in buildings off on each side, the young monks were trained, the domestic arrangements were made and the Community met. The Cloister was laid out by Archbishop Lanfranc in the 11th century and its dimensions have remained unchanged. Remains of the renovation undertaken in the 13th century are to be seen and the present Cloister was finished in 1414. A notable feature is the heraldry arguably the finest catalogue of medieval coats of arms to be found. The Nave The Nave, built in the Perpendicular style, was completed in 1405, replacing an earlier Romanesque Nave built by Archbishop Lanfranc some 330 years earlier. Its soaring arches draw the eye upward towards the central crossing at its Eastern end, and the steps leading up to the Pulpitum. Pulpitum Screen The Pulpitum Screen separates the Nave from the Quire. Delicately carved statues of six Kings stand on either side of the archway into the Quire. From the left they are Richard II, Henry V, Ethelbert, Edward the Confessor, Henry IV and Henry VI. Martyrdom Here on 29 December 1170 Archbishop Thomas Becket was murdered by 4 knights of King Henry II. A small altar, the Altar of the Swords Point, marks the spot. It is so-called because on the altar of that time was preserved the tip of the sword of Richard de Brito which broke on the pavement as he hacked at the Archbishop. A rugged sculpture of the Cross is above. On his historic visit to Canterbury in May 1982, Pope John Paul II knelt in prayer with Archbishop Robert Runcie in this place. Chapel of Our Lady Undercroft Surrounded by the simplicity of the early 12th century Western Crypt, with its round Romanesque arches, elaborately carved capitals, and mysterious dark spaces, the pilgrim sees the distant sanctuary of Our Lady Undercroft. The Romanesque sanctuary was enclosed in the 14th century with a delicately contrived screen by the Black Prince. It was a thank-offering for the dispensation he was granted to marry his cousin, who became known as the Fair Maid of Kent. It is a focus for quiet prayer and meditation. A closer view. Quire .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 , .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 .postImageUrl , .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 , .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277:hover , .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277:visited , .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277:active { border:0!important; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277:active , .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277 .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaf17c04546884295f9f0cc5668db9277:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Absorbent Mind 5 EssayAnother immense vista greets the pilgrim entering the Quire, the longest of any English cathedral. It was built to the new Gothic style by William of Sens, and is notable for the splendour of its length and height, culminating in the Trinity Chapel at the East, 20 feet above the ground level of the Nave. All was finished in 1184, replacing the earlier eastern arm which had been gutted by fire in 1174. St Michaels Chapel This is often called the Warriors Chapel and here are laid up the colours of the local Regiment, now the Princess of Waless Royal Regiment. Daily, a page of the Memorial Book of Names is turned. It is a simple ceremony of commemoration of those who have died in battle, and a regular moment of Prayer for Peace. St Anselms Chapel This small Chapel, dedicated to the scholar Archbishop Anselm, remains from the 12th century Quire. An icon stands here to symbolise the friendship between the Cathedral and the Abbey of Bec in Normandy where Anselm was abbot when he was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury in 1093. High up on the Chapel wall is a 12th century painting of St Paul at Melita. St Augustines Chair This 13th century marble throne was originally part of the furnishings of the Shrine of Thomas in the then new Trinity Chapel. It is the Seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury from which he presides over the world-wide Anglican Communion, which has developed from the Church of England. The present Archbishop of Canterbury is George Carey, who was enthroned in 1991 as the 103rd Incumbent. The first was St Augustine who came in 597. See the Main Altar. List of Archbishops Trinity Chapel The Trinity Chapel once housed the Shrine of Thomas Becket which was removed on the orders of Henry VIII in 1538. The Chapel now stands empty with a solitary candle marking the spot where medieval pilgrims came to pray. Around the place of the Shrine are some of the Cathedrals finest tombs, including Edward the Black Prince (d. 1376) and Henry IV (d. 1413). Tomb of the Black Prince The splendid tomb of Edward, Prince of Wales (1330-1376), known as The Black Prince, is one of the Cathedrals finest. Above it hang replicas of his achievements his helmet, jupon, shield and gauntlets. The originals can be seen preserved in a glass case in the South Quire Aisle. Corona This little Chapel, at the eastern extremity of the Cathedral, is now dedicated to the Saints and Martyrs of Our Time. Originally it contained a relic of the part of Thomas skull which was cut off when he was martyred. Looking West from this point the visitor can see the full length of the Cathedral and the great window at the West end of the Nave. Situtuated astride the dormitory of the medieval cathedral monastery, within yards of the ancient records store, the present Archives maintains a record-keeping function that dates back at least 1300 years. It is the historic archive of the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury. N. B. The archives of the Archbishops of Canterbury are held at Lambeth Palace Library Canterbury Cathedral Archives is administered under the terms of partnership agreements between the Cathedral, Kent County Council It is both a department of Canterbury Cathedral and an office of the Kent Archives Service of the Arts and Libraries department of KCC. It houses the records of the Cathedral, Canterbury Diocese, parishes in the Canterbury Archdeaconry, Canterbury City Council and its predecessors, and other organisations, businesses, administrations and individuals in the Canterbury area. These records are all accessible to the public in a searchroom (run jointly with the Cathedral Library) adjacent to the Cathedral. The Water Tower The water supply of the Monastery was established in the 12th century, the supply being piped in (the original pipes are still in place) from springs nearly a mile away. There were several water towers in the Precincts, which acted as storage cisterns from which more pipes distributed the water to where it was needed. It is said that because of its own water supply the monks of Christ Church, Canterbury, escaped many of the usual depredations of plague and infection. The Chapter House Each day the Benedictine monks met in the Chapter House, first to hear a Chapter of the Rule of St Benedict read to them (hence its name), and then to transact the Communitys business. The Chapter House had previously been extended from its 11th century length in the 13th century. The Priors Stall remains and a lovely feature is the roof vault, inserted in 1405 and made of Irish oak. Stained Glass Two events occurring in 1170 and 1174 laid the foundations of what today is regarded as one of the most important stained glass collections of the late 12th century in the world. The murder of Thomas Becket, as despicable as it was, provided the Cathedral with a powerful attraction to pilgrims, who came to Canterbury in enormous numbers to make offerings. When disaster struck again with the destruction by fire of the Romanesque Quire in September 1174, it was the proceeds from this lucrative pilgrim trade that enabled the monks to build the new Quire and the Trinity Chapel and to fill it with stained glass of outstanding splendour. The fact that, unusually, the Canterbury monks did have a steady income at their disposal resulted in the creation of a building of unprecedented scale and complexity which was completed in a remarkably short period of time. The glazing scheme was conceived in close co-operation between the master builder, glazier and the monks. By 1176, the complete programme was determined and brought to life within 44 years by workshops of English and French craftsmen. The scheme is thus unusually homogenous in its planning and execution, reflecting also its close integration in the overall concept of the eastern arm of the church which was to serve two distinct categories of worshipper, the monks and the pilgrims. The mediaeval cathedral was part of a priory, and in the body of the Quire the monks observed the daily routine in the monastic office. The windows of this part are therefore of a very different character from those in the Trinity Chapel which served the pilgrims for their devotions at St. Thomas shrine. Besides numerous windows in side chapels, the glazing scheme for this reason consists of three major series, one for the Quire and one for the Trinity Chapel respectively, and the third on clerestory level linking both parts of the building together again. In the Quire aisles, a biblical emphasis prevailed. Here the mediaeval monks could study the twelve windows from both Old and New Testaments, arranged to demonstrate the way in which events of the Old Testament were thought to prefigure events in the New. .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d , .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d .postImageUrl , .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d , .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d:hover , .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d:visited , .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d:active { border:0!important; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d:active , .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u469a71ad0d62756b7b08474ee573542d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Who really was Pocahontas? Was she like the Indian EssayThis typological interpretation is based on one of the most popular mediaeval books, the Biblia Pauperum or Poor Mans Bible. The two surviving windows of this series in the north Quire aisle give a striking insight in the mediaeval way of interpreting the world. For the pilgrims visiting St. Thomas shrine, a different subject matter was requested. The twelve windows of the Trinity Chapel therefore illustrated two detailed accounts of Beckets life and the miracles that had taken place at his tomb between 1171 and 1173. Called the Miracle Windows, the stories chosen show the full gamut of medieval society receiving comfort and aid from St. Thomas intercession. The richly coloured glass would for many pilgrims be the finest thing they would ever see, a fitting prelude to the shrine itself. Finally, in the clerestory, the so-called Genealogical Series depicts paired figures, beginning on the north side with the Creation and Adam and culminating on the south side with the Virgin Mary and Christ. With 86 figures taken from the gospel of Luke, this genealogy of ancestors of Christ is the largest of its kind in art. Only 48 figures, however, have survived, some now relocated in the south west transept and the west window and replaced with nineteenth century copies in their stead. Although the scheme has suffered over the centuries from many forms of destruction, the late 12th century glazing at Canterbury has today established its firm place as the most complete collection of its kind in England. The glazing of the western parts was less fortunate. The whole scheme of nave windows has been almost completely swept away, with only the two great windows in the west wall and in the north west transept surviving. Both these windows are associated with kings, Richard II and Edward IV, and although in particular the Royal Window of 1485 in the north west transept had suffered from the notorious attack by Culmer in the 1640s, there is a substantial amount of glass left to tell of the superb quality of 14th and 15th century draftmanship and glazing skills. Canterburys rich heritage of mediaeval stained glass cannot really be matched by later windows, but there are a number of important twentieth century ones that should be included in any stained glass itinerary of the Cathedral. To name but two, the Christopher Whall window of 1906 in the west wall of the south west transept and the windows of 1957 by Erwin Bossanyi in the south east transept are both regarded as eminent representatives of their respective era. Although they differ enormously from their mediaeval ancestors, these windows are now an integral part of the glazing of Canterbury Cathedral, contributing to its diversity and its sheer splendour. The stained glass of the Cathedral is thus justifiably recognised as one of its great treasures. Wall Paintings Prior to the Reformation and the Commonwealth in the Seventeenth Century, Canterbury Cathedral was rich in wallpaintings. All that remains to catch the eye of the modern visitor is a number of fine examples of the wallpainters art, and a great number of fragments which give a tantalising idea of what must once have been. The condition of every painting and every fragment is checked regularly by the Cathedrals expert Wallpaintings Advisory Committee. †¦St. Anselms Chapel The wallpainting of St. Paul and the Viper dates from circa 1160. It is situated high in the north corner of the Eastern Apse of the chapel, with the decoration continuing on to the string courses above and below the painting and round the north window which is blocked. The painting was discovered behind a buttressing wall in 1888. The centuries spent behind the wall have ensured the survival of this vivid painting. †¦St. Gabriels Chapel This chapel contains two extensive Romanesque schemes of painting, plus remains of later, possibly sixteenth century decoration. The earliest scheme in the Apse comprises apocalyptic subjects and scenes of the infancy of John the Baptist and the infancy of Christ. The Romanesque painting in the Nave of this chapel survives mainly in the two west bays. These date from about 1180. †¦Our Lady Undercroft In the chapel of Our Lady Undercroft, one forms the impression of a vivid scheme of decoration now much depleted. The Chapel retains decorative schemes from the twelfth to the sixteenth century; the most evident are the sun and stars depicted on the Eastern Vault. Both the screens and the vaults are richly decorated with expensive pigments and gilding. See statue and Screen. †¦The Chapter House The visitor will notice much decoration in the Chapter House, but little of this is contemporary with the building itself. It seems that the restoration undertaken by Sir Reginald Blomfield in 1896 is the derivation of the most of the extant painting. †¦The Cloisters The vault of the south walk, the earliest to be constructed is decorated with pre-Christian motifs such as Jack in the Green. The heraldic shields may indicate that their owners contributed to the funding of the later parts of the Cloisters. †¦St. Eustace Probably the most attractive to the visitor is the large painting depicting the legend of St. Eustace. This is a fifteenth century oil based painting illustrating scenes from the life and martyrdom of St. Eustace and is on the north wall of the North Quire Aisle, immediately west of the North East Transept. The scenes fill the blind arch, which is nineteen feet high and nearly nine feet wide. The painting was discovered under lime wash in the nineteenth century and was retouched and covered with a wax varnish early in the twentieth century. Agood deal of what the visitor now sees is relatively modern or an adaptation of the original. †¦St. Andrews Chapel The Chapel retains extensive remains of decorated painting from the 12th century onwards: post 1174 masonry pattern and geometric diaper; 14th century vine scroll and IHS monograms within crowns of thorns, and 15th and 16th century Tudor Rose imitation tapestries, fleur de- lys and IHS monograms.